14. Epilogue: 1688

Alice had lived through many changes in her long life – and the restoration of King Charles II in 1661 wasn't the last of the political convulsions that she saw.  Charles II had no legitimate children, so when he died in 1685 it was his Catholic brother James who came to the throne.  His brief reign went downhill quickly.  

James II

Seven influential Protestants wrote to the Protestant prince William of Orange – who was James' nephew and married to his daughter Mary – inviting him to invade and promising they would rise in support.  One of the seven was Alice's first cousin Thomas Osborne, Lord Danby.  

He was the boy who survived the roof collapse in York in 1638 because he was looking for his cat under the table.  He had a long and chequered career as a stateman – he was impeached twice.  He had led the government of Charles II during the 1670s and been made Earl of Danby in 1674.  He was a fierce opponent of Catholics and Nonconformists, and a keen supporter of an alliance with the Dutch Republic.  In fact, he had negotiated the marriage of William of Orange with Charles II's niece Mary in spite of her father's opposition.  But he didn't have a talent for friendship.  Pale, lean and sickly looking, he needed his government position to make money and he stayed in power by corruption.  People said he was proud, ambitious, false, revengeful and greedy.  He had been brought down in 1678 and ended up in the Tower of London for five years.  But he was back in the House of Lords for 1688.

Thomas Osborne
1st Duke of Leeds (1632-1712)

William of Orange landed at Brixham in Devon with a large army on Guy Fawkes' Day 1688.  Lord Danby kept his word.  As William began to advance east, Lord Danby and his men – including Henry Belasyse, the son of Sir Richard Belasyse of Potto – took York and Hull.  (Lord Danby's reward was to be made Marquess of Carmarthen in 1689 and Duke of Leeds in 1694).

James' support collapsed and William and Mary became joint rulers of England and Scotland.  But the Catholic Irish stood out for James and for two and a half years, until William secured victory over James, Ireland was once again submerged in bloody conflict.  

The war in Ireland ended in October 1691.  The three kingdoms were now under a constitutional monarchy and Ireland would be dominated by a Protestant élite for the two centuries that followed.

William of Orange
(William III of England) (1650-1702) 

Note 

These events are known as the Glorious Revolution and the Williamite War.

For sources of this series of blogposts, see Alice Wandesford in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms

Cholera: glimpses of the pandemics of the 19th century

In the 19th century, the usual yearly epidemics of frequently fatal infectious diseases in Britain were eclipsed by successive waves of a frightening newcomer: Asiatic Cholera.

It first arrived in 1831.  You can read about it in 'The year of the Cholera', Chapter 11 of Remarkable, but still True: the story of the Revd R J Barlow and Hutton Rudby in the time of the cholera .

There I describe how, in York, Dr Thomas Simpson and the surgeon J P Needham not only treated patients but also investigated the spread of cases.  They both believed cholera was contagious and Needham wrote a monograph on the subject in 1833, after the pandemic had subsided.  Dr Simpson, who thought it was an air-borne disease, published his Observations on the Asiatic Cholera: and Facts regarding the mode of its diffusion after the next pandemic, which happened seventeen years later in 1848.

In 1848, as in 1831, cholera was firmly associated with "nuisances" – sewage and filth – and it was still thought that it was the "unwholesome exhalations" and poisonous vapours from nuisances and decaying vegetable matter that spread the disease.  The theory may have been erroneous but the practice was helpful, because cholera is spread through water contaminated by faeces; this was the beginning of improvements in better drainage and public health.  

Cholera isn't easy to catch but without the correct treatment it is fatal in half the cases.  Nowadays it is treated by rehydration – which has to be begun without delay – and sometimes with antibiotics.  In the 19th century, careful nursing might pull a patient through but unfortunately doctors very often used purges and emetics on their patients, which would only have dehydrated them further.  

Meanwhile, there were plenty of advertisements for patent medicines.

William Hardcastle advertised his "Cure for Asiatic Cholera" and "Grand Preventive of Cholera" extensively in the Northern press.  Born in Sunderland, he had learned his trade as a chemist in Stockton-on-Tees and now had his own shop in Finkle Street – and I'm glad to say the interior of Hardcastle's is preserved at Beamish Open Air Museum (photographs here).  He was a man in his late thirties and evidently very enterprising.

At this time anxiety was all the greater because diarrhoea was thought often to precede cholera – of course there was a good deal of diarrhoea around – and it was believed that stopping diarrhoea would stop cholera developing.  William Hardcastle's advertisements proudly proclaimed that 

having witnessed the great mortality by Cholera which took place in Stockton, 17 years ago, when about 130 persons died in a very short time, Mr H. directed his earnest attention to discover some more efficient Preventive and Cure than were at that time employed, and has succeeded in compounding the "Diarrhoea Powders" and "Cholera Drops", which has rescued many from premature graves.  Their great efficacy has caused them to be so much esteemed in Stockton and the Neighbourhood, that the Proprietor has now made arrangements for extending their sale to other places.

The Drops could be sent by Post to any part of the UK on forwarding 12 Postage Stamps, and they cost a shilling and a penny halfpenny or two shillings per bottle.  I expect the chief ingredient was laudanum.

More useful in preventing cholera were products such as Sir William Burnett's Patent Disinfecting Fluid, which was advertised as "a deodorizing and purifying agent" and was a chloride disinfectant.  

When nothing seemed to help, the only answer was prayer:

York Herald, 22 September 1849

Cholera – The authorities of Middlesbro' have issued a notice to the inhabitants to set apart Friday, the 21st inst., as a day of humiliation and prayer to God to remove that desolating pestilence, the cholera, which has lately been so fatal in that place.

Then a third wave of cholera reached Britain in 1853.  It was at this point that Dr John Snow of London  (1813-58) demonstrated that cholera was a water-borne disease by removing the handle of the Broad Street pump.  He published his findings in his work of 1855, which drew upon the careful observations of Dr Thomas Simpson.  But it took many years for public health authorities to act to ensure a clean water supply and Snow had been long dead when the Chief Medical Officer for Health acknowledged the significance of his work.

We can see that keeping the streets clear of nuisances and encouraging better cleanliness was well established as a priority for the authorities:

York Herald, 15 October 1853

Cholera – On the 24th of Sept last, this devastating disease broke out in one of the low parts of Stockton, and since that period to the present time, 13 deaths have occurred, but all in that particular locality, which is said to be in a very indifferent state of drainage, and where many of the inhabitants are not of the most cleanly description.

In Darlington, the local board of health and the board of guardians held a joint meeting.  They decided to carry out the recommendations of the medical superintending inspector of the General Board of Health to set up a system of house to house visiting as the only effectual safeguard against the spread of the epidemic.  (This might remind us of recent events described in this story on the BBC News website in which Professor John Wright, Head of Bradford Institute for Health Research describes the work of the local test and trace teams, sending testers door to door in neighbourhoods with high rates of infection).  They resolved to employ more scavengers to clear away the nuisances, to set up a more general distribution of disintectants such as chloride of lime, and to supply water for free to the poorer districts, "in order that greater facilities for cleanliness might be afforded".   

And, then as now, there were plenty of conspiracy theories.  In some countries, the swiftness with which the disease spread led the people to think their water supply had been poisoned:

Huddersfield Chronicle, 2 September 1854

News has arrived in Palermo of the appearance of cholera in that city.  The Sicilians, it seems, are under the impression that the cholera is a poison which has been communicated by human means.  The people have surrounded the Governor's palace, and shouted "We will not have the cholera here!"  The Lord Lieutenant immediately issued orders prohibiting the people to speak of poison.  The city is in a very excited state.

In 1865 the cholera returned yet again to Britain.  

It reached Yarm on 8 October 1866 and when doctors Robert and Christopher Young, the town's medical officers, made their report on 13 November, they hoped they had seen the back of it.  There had been 23 cases of cholera, 12 of which were fatal, and 5 cases "approaching cholera", of which 2 were fatal. In the same period they had seen 87 cases of diarrhoea.  

A few days before cholera came to Yarm, it had already reached Hutton Rudby and Potto – but luckily not with the virulence of the 1832 outbreak, when there were 45 cases and 23 deaths at the east end of the village green:

York Herald, 6 October 1866

The Cholera – We regret to state that a fatal case of Asiatic cholera has just occurred at the small rustic hamlet of Potto, in the parish of Whorlton, near Stokesley.  Elizabeth Mary Cawthorn, the wife of a brickmaker, was attacked on Saturday afternoon last, and was visited the same night by Mr A A Boyle, assistant to Mr J H Handyside, surgeon, Stokesley, and he at once perceived that she was prostrated by a malignant attack of cholera.  Mr Handyside attended on the following morning, and Mr Boyle was present when she died on Sunday night, medical skill being of no avail.

Richmond & Ripon Chronicle, 13 October 1866

Thompson - On the 6th inst., at Hutton Rudby, Cleveland, of Asiatic cholera, aged 60 years, Mr George Thompson, brickmaker

Nearly twenty years and many cholera deaths later, people across the world were electrified to hear that the German scientist Dr Robert Koch and his team had discovered the "cholera germ".  

Dr Koch had carried out his researches in India.  This fact spurred Professor Edwin Ray Lankester (1847-1929) to write a trenchant criticism of the British government's approach to scientific research that appeared in, among other papers, the Pall Mall Gazette of 2 November 1883.  He was the son of Edwin Lankester (1814-74), surgeon, naturalist, the first public analyst in Britain, the first medically qualified coroner for Central Middlesex, a man who made a major contribution to the control of cholera in London.  So his son had, in a way, a family interest in the fight against the disease.  

He deplored the fact that

when a dire disease broke out in a country occupied by British troops, and, for the time being, controlled by the English Government, no steps were taken by that Government to initiate a thorough study of the disease in the light of modern science, but that, on the other hand, independent Commissions were sent to the plague-stricken country by the Governments of France and Germany for the express purpose of making the investigations which the English Government had omitted to set on foot.

The French and German scientists were from 

the State-supported laboratory of M Pasteur; they were his assistants and pupils.  The German Commissioners came from the Imperial Sanitary Institute of Berlin, the workers in which are drawn from the twenty-two State-supported laboratories of pathology which are scattered throughout the German Empire

Britain should be following the examples of France and Germany in training scientists and funding research bodies and laboratories like those in France and Germany.

By July 1884 the "discoverer of the cholera germ" Dr Robert Koch was known to everyone and admired by all.  The Pall Mall Gazette of 11 July 1884 noted that "in the last five years he has succeeded in identifying the germs of cattle disease, of consumption, and of cholera" – he was the benefactor of humanity.

Two years later, the Sanitary Congress – the annual meeting of the Sanitary Institute of Great Britain, founded in 1876 – was held in the Museum in York (now the Yorkshire Museum).  

The Leeds Mercury of 25 September 1886 carried a report of the proceedings.  The president, Mr William Whitaker, read a paper about water-supply in which he said two of the chief problems in sanitary matters were getting good water and getting rid of bad water.  Percy F Frankland, associate of the Royal School of Mines, spoke on the filtration of water.  They had known for many years that the real danger in sewage-contaminated water lay not in the organic matter to be found by analysis but in "the presence of minute living organisms, capable of producing zymotic disease".  Largely thanks to the genius of Robert Koch they now had "beautiful methods of bacteriological investigation" and this had enabled the great advance made in water purification.  Surgeon-Major Pringle described his system of collecting and storing rain and drinking water. Another debate clearly centred on the role of government.  Enforcement or education?  The West Riding County Surveyor, J Vickers Edwards, took what might now be called the libertarian approach to achieving "a healthy house", arguing that sanitary science would not progress through the actions of local authorities nor by legislation, but by educating people to act for themselves.  

Over the next fifty years the Sanitary Institute was to become the leading public health organisation in the UK, with a world-wide reputation.  It is now the Royal Society for Public Health.

Public health reform was truly on its way.

Leonard Appleton of Doddle Hill Farm

This sort of detail is always useful to family historians, I know, given the Rev R J Barlow's failure to keep the parish registers properly (see here and here)

Newcastle Guardian & Tyne Mercury, 15 April 1848

Marriages

On the 10th inst. Mr Leonard Appleton, of Hutton Rudby, farmer, to Miss Jane Hardman, of Durham

The Tithe Map and White's Directory 1840 show that Leonard Appleton farmed at Doddle Hill and in the 1841 census he gave his age as 43.  The 1851 census finds him farming 141 acres at Potto Field House.  By then his wife Jane had given birth to a little girl called Ann Elizabeth.  By 1861 Margaret Jane and Mary Ann had been added to the family.

Speedy business, 1825

A reminder of a slower time:-

Yorkshire Gazette, 3 September 1825

On Monday week, Mr John Langdale, of Menithorpe, near Malton, started from Easingwold at one o'clock, and rode to Thirsk, where he did business; thence he rode to Potto, making three calls on business; from Potto he proceeded to Hutton Rudby, Middleton, Hilton, and to Stockton, making eight other calls; from Stockton, by Seamer, to Hutton Rudby, all with six hours, being a distance of at least fifty miles.

Rudby Parish Magazine: February 1892

Excerpts from the parish magazine of Rudby-in-Cleveland:

CHURCH OFFERTORIES

Dec. 27th, 1891 ....................... £1 3s. 8½d.
Jan. 3rd, 1892 .......................... 8s. 1d.
Jan. 10th, 1892 ........................ 10s. 0d.
Jan. 17th, 1892 ........................ 14s. 8½d.

MARRIAGE

Jan. 2nd – Harry Butler and Hannah Honeyman, both of Hutton.

BURIALS

Jan. 12th – Thomas Milburn, of Hutton, aged 77 years
Jan. 16th – James Richardson, of Potto Carr Farm, Parish of Whorlton, aged 65 years
Jan. 16th – William Hammond, of Hutton, aged 47 years

EAST ROUNTON

There is a Service in the Church at East Rounton on Sundays at 2.30 pm

CHURCH OF ST CUTHBERT'S, MIDDLETON-ON-LEVEN

A Service is held on alternate Sundays at 2.30 pm

COAL AND BLANKET CLUB

The names of those who have kindly subscribed to the Coal and Blanket Club this year are –

Viscount and Viscountess Falkland

Mrs Sadler

Mrs Brigham

Mr A B Wilson

Miss Wilson

Miss Paver

Mr Barthram

Mrs Chapman

Miss O'Connor

Mr Park

The Misses Park

Mr T Bowes Wilson

Mrs Blair

Mr Passman

Mr Coverdale

N. H. Coal Company

These subscriptions amounted to £13 10s. 7d.  Money paid into Club by members, £17 0s. 9d.  With this fund 25 tons of coal and 9 pairs of warm blankets were distributed to the members, the total amount paid for the coals and sending being £24 16s. 9d., and for the blankets £5 9s. 9d.

Our best thanks are again due to Mrs Brigham this year for the time and thought she has given to the Coal Club.  Her good work is much appreciated throughout the village, both by the poor and by those who realise what an amount of labour and of anxiety is incurred by the successful carrying on of a Coal Club.

CONFIRMATION

A Confirmation will be held at Yarm on March 7th.  It is requested that the names of those desirous to be confirmed may be sent in at once to the Vicar.

CHOIR TEA

The members of the Choir and their friends gathered together at the Schoolhouse on December 29th, for their Annual Tea.  After a comfortable tea dancing began, and continued with unabated spirit until one o'clock in the morning.  The dancing was interspersed with a few much-appreciated songs from Miss Clarkson.  

The Sunday School Tea took place on December 31st.  Oh, children!  judging from the noise you made you must have been happy.  Prizes were given to the scholars for attendance at school during the year.

People of Hutton Rudby in the C18/19: Rickarby to Rymer

... from my working notes ... accuracy not guaranteed ... for explanatory note, see post of 14 Feb 2013


Rickarby

FK 513:  22 Feb 1828:  mortgage of house in Hutton occ by Richard Rymer and closes adjoining:  Robert Baillieur late of Trenholme now of Castle of York innkeeper and Robert Nelson Wilson late of Yarm now of Castle of York yeoman: bounded by Richard Shepherd to N & S, by John Rickarby to E and by Christopher Oxendale to W

FQ 204:  9 Dec 1829:  Robert Baillieur late of Trenholm innkeeper but now of Yarm yeoman (1)  Robert Nelson Wilson of Yarm gent (2) John Harker of Yarm jobber [?] (3):  house, orchard, garth, stable & outbldgs in Hutton Field occ by Richard Rymer and closes adjoining:  bounded by Richard Shepherd to N & S, John Rickarby to E, Christopher Oxendale to W

FS 577:  9 Jun 1831:  Robert Norman paper maker to Robert Holliday Dobson of Potto gent:  6a close in Hutton known as the Cottages bounded by Widow Johnson to S, road to the Rountons to N, William Spencer to W, Mr Rickaby to E, occ by Robert Norman


Rickatson

John Rickatson of Hutton was churchwarden in 1832 and at the time of the Call Book for the Visitation 1857

1840 Whites:  Hutton Rudby:  John Rickatson, farmer

1851 Census:  Gardenstone:  John Rickatson 49 widower farmer of 90 acres b Kirby, with sons Thomas H 10 and Charles 8, and servants Margaret Featherstone single 40 b Ayton, Hannah Easby 16 general servant b Ayton and Robert Burdon 22 farm servant b Osmotherley

“Principal inhabitants” signing the record of exchange of bounties on 28 Sep 1857:  Robert Braithwaite, John Rickatson, George Wilson, Henry Willins, John Robinson, Thomas Sidgwick, John Sidgwick, George Davison [Terriers]

1851-71 (inc) Census:  Gardenstone:  Rickatson
1861 & 71 Census:  Belle Vue:  Rickatson

1872 Post Office Directory:  Hutton Rudby:  John Rickatson, farmer, Gardenstone
John Rickatson, 38, of New Close Farm married Anne Catterson, 31, of Gardenstone Farm on 4 Dec 1839.

Barlow’s Notebook lists the times he “crossed by the old style way through Rickatson farm”

1887:  active members of the Primitive Methodist chapel at the time of building included Edward Bainbridge, Robert Maughan, William Graham Hall, Thomas Sage and Kilvington Rickatson of Trenholme Bar [G Milburn’s notes]
1887:  memorial stones at the new Primitive Methodist chapel were laid by K Rickatson, W Seymour (Spout Bank), Mrs Honeyman, Mrs Eden, Mrs Hall and Mr E Bainbridge; and on behalf of Viscount Falkland, G Y Blair, and Rev Oliver Jackson, a Primitive Methodist minister born in Hutton Rudby [G Milburn’s notes]

1930:  Dorothy Rickatson was invited to switch on the new electric lights in the Primitive Methodist chapel [G Milburn’s notes]

People of Hutton Rudby in the C18/19: Jackson to Jowsey

... from my working notes ... accuracy not guaranteed ... for explanatory note, see post of 14 Feb 2013



Jackson

John Jackson 1743-1808 was the master of Hutton Rudby School (see schoolmasters)

5 Jun 1790:  Let the Ordinary be Cautious that no licence be granted to James Hird to teach a Petty School in the Parish of Hutton Rudby in the Diocese of York till John Jackson the licensed Schoolmaster to the Established School there be first called or William Ashwith Notary Public his Proctor who entered this Caveat the fifth day of June in the year of our Lord 1790 [Borthwick Faculties etc 1769-93]

7 Dec 1797:  HR:  William Surtees married Eden Dodds; witnesses:  Thomas & Mary Jackson, Ann Brigham, John Eland, Thomas Hird and Elizabeth Catchaside

1799    Jno Jackson paid a salary of One Guinea “for playing on the Violin Cello in Church time”

Yorkshire Poll Book 1807:  Hutton Rudby:  Thomas Jackson tailor

15 Dec 1809:  William Jackson born Hutton (godparents John Meynell, Sarah Bainbridge) baptised RC

14 May 1810:  house & garth and garth:  Tipping & Wardell exors of Thos Wayne to Thomas Eland:  house & garth 1a 2r 28p occupied by Eland, bounded by street to S, river Leven to N, Francis Tweddle & Francis Stainthorpe to E, and Christopher Sleigh to W;  garth 1r 28p on north side of Hutton, formerly occ by Hannah Kay widow, now by Thomas Eland, bounded by B D Suggitt to S, Thomas Jackson to E, street to W and Isaac Whorlton to N

4 Jan 1817:  Oliver Jackson, son of Thomas & Elizabeth, weaver, Hutton, was baptised.  This appears to be the Primitive Methodist minister mentioned in 1887

Oliver Jackson occupied the Whorltons’ house on North Side before it was occupied by Major Shout.  Thomas Jackson owned property further east on North Side, owned and occupied by William Jackson in the Tithe Map.

EB 412:  21 & 22 Mar 1817:  ppty on North Side: Thos & Jos Whorlton (1) Wm Whorlton (2), late in occ of Oliver Jackson

EH 212 & EG 295:  relate to the same ppty:  a house which had been divided into two tenements and in 1818 was “lately occupied in four different tenements or dwellinghouses”:  tenants were previously Jane Whorlton & her tenants William Easby, Oliver Jackson & William Honeyman; tenants were in 1818 William Honeyman, Thomas Graham, Robert Walton and Robert Codling:  bounded to E by Christopher Flintoff decd, to S & W by townstreet, to N by David Simpson decd

EO 107:  11 & 12 Aug 1820:  land near Jakebarn, recently puchased by Thomas Jackson from Simon Kelsey:  parties:  Thomas Jackson of Hutton tailor, Robert Brigham of Rudby gent & William Wood of Hutton yeoman, John Jackson of City of Durham innkeeper, and William Jackson of Hutton tailor

EP 148:  3 Feb 1821:  mortgage to Wm Whorlton by John Shout:  house previously occupied by Oliver Jackson and now by Major Shout, land and weaver’s shop

ET 257:  2 & 3 Jan 1823:  garth, orchard & houses, probably North End:  Thomas Jackson was an occupier

ET 258:  7 & 8 Jan 1823:  southern part of land occ by Mundell and bought by him from Simon Kelsey:  parties:  George Mundell of Hutton gardener, John Thompson of Faceby yeoman, William Jackson of Hutton tailor, Robert Brigham of Rudby gent and William Wood of Hutton gent:  bounded by land bought by John & Thomas Sidgwick from Sir Wm Hy Pennyman to E,  by Mr Sanders and Mr Wigham to W, by northern part of land bel to Thomas & William Jackson to N, by Simon Kelsey to S

ET 293:  21 Mar 1823:  sale of ppty of Samuel Hebbron late of Hutton nr Rudby butcher dealer & chapman now or late a prisoner in the gaol of the Castle of York:  being the Shoulder of Mutton public house [predecessor of King’s Head], occ by Samuel Hebbron, then by David Hebbron & now by Robert Moss:  bounded by Thomas Whorlton and Thomas Jackson, Thomas Cust, B D Sugget and Thomas Wayne to W and N, by street to S, by Thomas Jackson to E; also the stable; a close of 5a 2p bounded by William Wood to N, by William Dawson to E, W & S, and occupied by William Dawson; also land in Potto

26 Dec 1823:  burial of Thomas Jackson 69

1823 Baines:  Hutton:  Nathaniel Jackson, baker
1823 Baines:  Hutton:  William Jackson, tailor, draper & hatter

FQ 434:  14 & 15 Apr 1829:  Thomas Jackson occupied land belonging to Elizabeth Sleigh

FT 294:  26 & 27 Dec 1830:  Jakebarn:  Michael Sidgwick of Hutton yeoman & John Sidgwick jnr of Hutton farmer to William Jackson of Hutton tailor:  a fenced off close of 1a called Jakebarn:  previously occ by Richard Shepherd & now by his widow Ann:  bounded by Isaac, Joseph & William Whorlton’s land to E, by land recently bought by QAB from vendors to W & N, by road to S

Churchwardens’ accounts 1830/1:  Mr Jackson’s bill 1s 1d

People of Hutton Rudby in the C18/19: Hibberd to Hutton Rudby Association for the Prosecution of Felons

... from my working notes ... accuracy not guaranteed ... for explanatory note, see post of 14 Feb 2013



Hibberd

1840 Whites:  Skutterskelfe:  Philip Hibberd, gamekeeper


Hildreth

FQ 249:  13 & 14 Mar 1829:  exors of Wayne to Barker:  the Carpenters Arms with the cartwrights shop and stable on the west end thereof, the garden and the privy on the south & backside of the premises, bounded by road to East Rounton to E, by Mrs Elizabeth Hildreth to W & S, by road to East Rounton, John Robinson and Mr Farnaby to N – occ by Edward Meynell;  the garth occ by Edward Meynell, bounded by Elizabeth Hildreth to E, by John Burdon to W, by Thomas Passman, Elizabeth Hildreth, Mr Kendall & William Spence to N, by road to East Rounton to S; the site where buildings lately occupied by John & Hannah Kay & taken down by Mark Barker stood; the garth now used as garden ground to the E & backside of the sd site;  the new houses built by Mark Barker on the site and part of the garth: some of the houses and the garden ground “at present unoccupied”, the others occupied by Robert Hall, William Souter, George Sanderson, John Kay, Mary Lamb, Jackson Richardson, John Wild and Thomas Shaw:  bounded by house & lands bel to Rev Richard Shepherd to E & S, by Arthur Douglas and townstreet to N & W

FU 487:  16 May 1832:  South Side, tithe map 194-6:  John Passman of Hutton yeoman (1) James Robinson of Whorlton yeoman (2) Robert Pulman of Stockton gent [solicitor] (3):  building with cowhouse & premises adjoining, and garth of 2r adjoining to the N:  bounded by Jane Farnaby to E, by Mrs Hildreth to W, by street to N, by Mark Barker to S:  occ by John Passman & James Harrison & Mary Kingston;  and the house with garden adjoining, bounded by street to E & N, and by above prems to W & S

People of Hutton Rudby in the C18/19: Hackforth to Hewison

... from my working notes ... accuracy not guaranteed ... for explanatory note, see post of 14 Feb 2013



Hackforth

ET 257:  2 & 3 Jan 1823:  garth, orchard & houses, probably North End:  John Hackforth was a previous occupier


Hall

1832:  Thomas Hall was buried on Fri 12 Oct a73;  Benjamin Hall on Fri 12 Oct a25;  Jane Hall on 12 Nov a30 [PRs] – Jane Hall’s age is given as 75 in the list “Sepultorum nomina”, but as Jacob Honeyman’s name is altogether omitted, this is probably an error in Mr Barlow’s reading of a list

1 Dec 1775:  Thomas Hall married Sarah Monroe [witnesses:  Jon Eland, William Smith]
22 Dec 1775:  Thomas Hall, papermaker, buried
13 Jan 1794:  bap of Charles, son of Thomas Hall at Whorlton [IGI]
27 Mar 1806:  bap of Benjamin David, son of Thomas Hall at Whorlton [IGI]

Thomas Hall married Ann Shields 23 Nov 1809 [witnesses: John Cliborn, Anne Richardson and Michael Gill]

30 Nov 1817:  Charles Hall of Whorlton married Mary Taylor otp.  Their children’s baptisms:  Jane 1818, Elizabeth 1819, Charles 1821, John 1823, Benjamin 1827, Robinson 1829, Marianne 1831, Isabella 1837.  Charles is described as farmer 1818-9, and labourer thereafter.  Their son Benjamin married in 1851 and remarried in 1861.  Charles died in 1854 a60.  His family’s gravestone [MI 396] is near the cholera mound, and records Charles, Elizabeth his daughter who d1844 a22, and Mary his wife

Robert Hall is a tenant of Barkers Row in 1829

FQ 249:  13 & 14 Mar 1829:  exors of Wayne to Barker:  the Carpenters Arms with the cartwrights shop and stable on the west end thereof, the garden and the privy on the south & backside of the premises, bounded by road to East Rounton to E, by Mrs Elizabeth Hildreth to W & S, by road to East Rounton, John Robinson and Mr Farnaby to N – occ by Edward Meynell;  the garth occ by Edward Meynell, bounded by Elizabeth Hildreth to E, by John Burdon to W, by Thomas Passman, Elizabeth Hildreth, Mr Kendall & William Spence to N, by road to East Rounton to S; the site where buildings lately occupied by John & Hannah Kay & taken down by Mark Barker stood; the garth now used as garden ground to the E & backside of the sd site;  the new houses built by Mark Barker on the site and part of the garth: some of the houses and the garden ground “at present unoccupied”, the others occupied by Robert Hall, William Souter, George Sanderson, John Kay, Mary Lamb, Jackson Richardson, John Wild and Thomas Shaw:  bounded by house & lands bel to Rev Richard Shepherd to E & S, by Arthur Douglas and townstreet to N & W

FP 310:  12 & 13 Feb 1830:  James Catchasides jnr “late of Hutton shopkeeper and now of the township of Stockton miller” sold the ppties to Thomas Hall of Ormsby yeoman
Charles Hall was a former occupant of property, once used as a coachhouse, sold by Kay and Colebeck to Mark Barker in 1830

FT 30:  12 & 13 May 1830:  East Side:  John Kay of Hutton cartwright & others to Mark Barker & trustees:  house heretofore used as a coachhouse & formerly occ by James Ingledew, Mary Collyerson & Diana Swales, then by Elizabeth Farnaby, then by Charles Hall, then by Hannah Best, & now by Matthew Garbutt:  bounded by street to E, Mark Barker to W & S, Arthur Douglas to N

late July 1830:  James Maw went with George Bewick “to Robert Hall’s butcher’s shop;  we afterwards went to the prisoner’s house” [Yorkshire Gazette 12 Mar 1842]

Thomas Hall of Ormesby bought James Catchasides jnr’s premises near the Bay Horse in 1830.  The Hall family kept the property for many years

FU 99:  Will of Thomas Hall late of Ormesby gent dated 18 Oct 1830 & codicil dated 10 Dec 1830:  his brothers Jonathan Hall saddler of Whitby and John Hall grocer of Castleton were his executors

G Hall is in A List of Boys – Middleton Book

“Apprenticeship Indre:  Stephen Hall aged 12 years apprenticed to John Cook of Hutton near Rudby, weaver, to age 21 – April 1823:  made between William Sayer (churchwarden) and Thomas Tweddle and William Sayer (overseers of poor of township of Middleton) and Stephen Hall ‘a poor child belonging to said township of Middleton’” [NYCRO Mic 1204]

Tithe Map:  Charles Hall had a garden no 208 at the corner of South Side

1841 Census:  Charles Hall 45 ag lab and 7 children, South Side
1841 Census:  Stephen Hall 30 linen weaver and family, Castle Yard
1841 Census:  George Hall/Wall 23 servant, at Rudby Mill
1841 Census:  Charles Hall 18 servant at Windy Hill (Brigham)

Mar 1842:  Robert Hall gave evidence at the trial of Robert Goldsbrough [Yorkshire Gazette 12 Mar 1842].  He does not appear in the 1841 Census for Hutton Rudby, and no connection with the other Hall family has been established.

Elizabeth Hall died 26 Dec 1844 a22, grave396 – not in PRs

1851 Census:  South Side:  Charles 57 b Potto ag lab, Mary 51 b Crathorne, children John 28 hand loom weaver linen, Benjamin 23 ag lab, Mary Ann 19, and Edward 9, and grandson Thomas Hall 11, all b Hutton

Stephen Hall and his family may be the Halls who moved to Barnsley in the 1840s, according to Primitive Methodist records.  [Hastings: Ind Vill]

Benjamin Hall 23, labourer, son of Charles, labourer, married Hannah Braithwaite 21, daughter of Robert, tailor, on 3 May 1851 [witnesses:  Robert Oates, Wm Hebbron]

19 Feb 1861:  Will of Robert Braithwaite snr:  retired tailor & draper.  Pbte 11 Aug 1862.  Wife Margaret:  sons Robert jnr & John of Sedgefield: daughters Mary Ann wife of John Kendrew tailor, & Hannah decd wife of Benjamin Hall:  nephew John Oates grocer. [East Side deeds]

Benjamin Hall 32 widower, groom, married Jane Wilkinson of Skutterskelf, servant, daughter of Lawrence, farmer, on 6 Apr 1861 [witnesses:  John Goldsbrough, Jane Fletcher]

1861 Census:  Mary Hall widow, with son 19, next door to
1861 Census:  Benjamin Hall, his 2nd wife and 3 children

Martha Hall is given 3s 6d on 20 Mar 1869, in Barlow’s Notebook

1871 Census:  Benjamin’s family absent.  Matthew Hall 40 master tailor b Crathorne and his family live in West End

1872 Post Office Directory:  Hutton Rudby:  Matthew Hall, tailor

24 Feb 1879:  Matthew Hall general dealer bought property on East Side from Allan Bowes Wilson [East Side deeds]

Oddfellows Board:  Bro:  Benjamin Hall, Middlesbrough, 14 Mar 1879, a53

1881 Census:  108 High Wilson Street, Middlesbrough:  Benjamin Hall’s widow Jane 49, her stepdaughter Mary A. domestic servant 23, Laurence 18 labourer b Hutton Rudby, Benjamin 16 labourer b Marton, Joseph 14 errand boy b Marton, Elizabeth 12 b Middlesbrough and George 9 b Marton

Oddfellows Board:  Bro:  John Hall, Hutton, 31 Mar 1884, a62

1884:  John died a62.  His gravestone [MI 315] records his daughter Lizzie d1893 a19, and Martha his widow d1915 a83

1887:  active members of the Primitive Methodist chapel at the time of building included William Graham Hall, Robert Maughan, Edward Bainbridge, Thomas Sage and Kilvington Rickatson of Trenholme Bar [G Milburn’s notes]
1887:  memorial stones at the new Primitive Methodist chapel were laid by K Rickatson, W Seymour (Spout Bank), Mrs Honeyman, Mrs Eden, Mrs Hall and Mr E Bainbridge; and on behalf of Viscount Falkland, G Y Blair, and Rev Oliver Jackson, a Primitive Methodist minister born in Hutton Rudby [G Milburn’s notes]

People of Hutton Rudby in the C18/19: Coates to Cust

... from my working notes ... accuracy not guaranteed ... for explanatory note, see post of 14 Feb 2013



Coates

William Coates was a former occupant of East Side property bought by Edmund Taylor from John and Ann Pape in 1808

DY 88 & ET 601:  James Coates was a tenant of Philip Gowland in the Bay Horse area in 1816-1823

Robert Coates was churchwarden with James Catchasides in 1819

1823 Baines:  Skutterskelfe:  Robert Coates, Tame bridge, farmer

FT 511:  11 & 12 Jan 1830:  East Side:  Edmund Taylor of Hutton joiner, Thomas Eland of City of London currier, James Bainbridge bricklayer:  the land on which James Bainbridge has lately erected 4 new houses & other buildings, 79 ft x 14 ft, and the passage thereto from the street:  previously occ by Elizabeth Robinson, then by William Coates, then by Edmund Taylor and now by James Bainbridge or his undertenants:  bounded by Thomas Passman to E, by street to W, by Roger Bowes to N, by Edmund Taylor to S:  “heretofore the estate of Joseph Tunstall and his wife Catherine”

William Coates was a tenant of East Side property apparently sold by Edmund Taylor to James Bainbridge in 1830

FU 261:   22 & 23 Nov 1831:  north end of East Side:  James Bainbridge bricklayer & Elizabeth his wife to George Grenside of Stokesley gent:  piece of ground on which he had recently built 4 new houses and other buildings, 79ft long x 14ft wide, with the passage leading to them from the street:  previously occ by Elizabeth Robinson, then by William Coates, then by Edmund Taylor, and now by James Bainbridge or his undertenants:  bounded by Thomas Passman to E, by street to W, by Roger Bowes to N, by Edmund Taylor to S:  “heretofore the estate of Joseph Tunstall & Catherine his wife”

1851 Census:  North Side:  Richard Coates 44 butcher b Castle Levington and Alice 54, also b Castle Levington, with children Ann 18 dressmaker and Robert 15, both b Hilton

Margaret Coates was in the informant on Mrs Barlow’s death certificate in 1852; she signed with her mark

Jun 1866:  Two friends, G Coates & J Hogg, gave £5 to the subscription for Thomas Garbutt

People of Hutton Rudby in C18/19: Calvert to Chipchase

... from my working notes ... accuracy not guaranteed ... for explanatory note, see post of 14 Feb 2013


Calvert

Robert Calvert was a previous occupant of property on East Side, bought by Joseph, Thomas & William Whorlton in 1808

Stephen Calvert is a Wesleyan class leader in 1836, 1838 and 1839 and was a subscriber to the Youth’s Instructor in 1840
He was the agent in Hutton for subscriptions to Cottager’s Friend in 1840: ordering “14 Nos at 1/1d”
He was the Steward for Hutton Rudby in 1840
He was the agent in Hutton for subscriptions to Cottager’s Friend in 1841, ordering 22, and for Child’s Magazine in 1841, ordering 3.  He ordered 3 of the Missionary Notices.
Mr Calvert was a subscriber to the Shilling Magazine, Christian Miscellany, Early Days, Juvenile Offerings, and Missionary Notices:  no date, apparently 1859

1851 Census:  North End:  Stephen Calvert single 57 handloom weaver linen b Hutton lodging with Ann Elliot 63 schoolmistress b Ayton Bank, Durham


Campion

Campion is listed in “Recpts for 1854” – Barlow’s Notebook

29 Apr 1841:  Rudby church:  Margaret Dobbin 35 spinster of Rudby, dau of William Dobbin farmer, married William Campion 40 bachelor, gentleman of Kirkleavington, son of John Campion Coates gentleman:  witnesses Thomas Righton, John Dobbin
 
1851 Census:  Ober Green farm:  William Campion 49 farmer 75a, 3 labourers, b Whitby:  Margaret Campion 42 b Picton:  children:  Ann 7 and William 8 both b Kirkleavington;  with Margaret Dobbin 5 niece and visitor b Kirkleavington;  servants: Catherine Christelor 14 b Harlsey, William Hedley 20 b HR, Robert Weatherill 16 b Hornby

People of Hutton Rudby in the C18/19: Ableson to Ayresome

from my working notes ... accuracy not guaranteed, and for explanatory notes see my earlier post ...

Ableson

Thomas Ableson was the first schoolmaster of the Bathurst school, died in 1750 and was succeeded by his son William [Hastings]

William Ableson d 1782 a 63, Master of Rudby School, d of asthma [PRs]

10 Oct 1789 William Ableson admitted and licensed to teach a Petty or English School in Hutton Rudby [Borthwick faculties etc 1768-1793]

Yorkshire Poll Book 1807:  Hutton Rudby:  William Ableson schoolmaster

GG 130:  31 Oct 1835:  Thomas Spence of Hutton weaver & Dorothy his wife (1) Henry Collins of Stokesley gent (2):  2 houses now used as one, the weaver’s shop adjoinging & the garden or orchard of 1r behind, occ by Thomas Spence; the butcher’s shop adjoining the weaver’s shop occ by William Sherwood:  bounded by Lord Falkland to E, street to W, Mrs Kingston to N, Edmund Taylor to S; also Gowdie/Gowlay Hill Garth 1a with cowhouse occ by Thomas Richardson:  bounded by John Charlton to E, by Francis Stainthorpe to W, by street to N, by Jane Willans & Edward Meynell to S; also house with garden & garth behind 2r, occ by William Merrington:  bounded by street to E, William Wood to W, John Seamer to N, John Rymers & Francis Stainthorpe to S; also 3 closes formerly 2 closes called the Cottager 7a, previously occ by William Braithwaite as tenant to William Spence decd:  bounded by Robert Halliday Dobson to E, George Hunter & William Ableson to W, by Rounton road to N, by Richard Johnson to S; “& all other the messuages lands tenements and hereditaments formerly belonging to Thomas Smith late of Hutton yeoman decd and comprised in his Will”

Chapter 8. The Living of Rudby-in-Cleveland

The patronage of the living of Rudby-in-Cleveland went with the ownership of the manor of Rudby, but for a time in the early 19th century the advowson of Rudby was in other hands.

Lady Amherst had sold the rectorial rights of the parish to three gentlemen, Edward Wolley or Woolley of York, William Drinkrow of Great Driffield and Thomas Kendall of Gate Fulford [1].

Edward Wolley was an influential York solicitor, Undersheriff of York and Grand Master of the York Grand Lodge of Freemasons.  On coming into a family inheritance, he later changed his name to Copley.  By 1808 he had purchased the manor of Potto, which adjoins Hutton, and also the advowson for Rudby and East Rounton.  He predeceased Lady Amherst by some years, dying before 1819 [2] leaving a young son to inherit his property.

However, it appears that his estate had become the subject of a Chancery case [3], which delayed the grant of Probate for a considerable time.  By 1830 his son Edward Thomas Copley [4] was twenty-eight years old, and may by then have taken charge of his inheritance. 

The Revd Richard Shepherd had come to Hutton Rudby as curate to Mr Grice, and had evidently decided that he would like to stay.  A relation or friend would then have approached the owners of the advowson to buy the next presentation for him.

His sudden illness ten years later at the age of forty-two must have put young Mr Copley and his advisors in a delicate position, because to advertise the failing health of an incumbent was to invite an accusation of simony.